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Overview of current energy sources

With this article we will start a cycle of materials, where we consider the peculiarities of the heating equipment, fuel and energy conservation.

This article will focus on the existing tariffs for energy, here we will understand, there are many different types of energy.

Overview of current energy sources

 
Fuel -gasThe most common source of energy in Ukraine is natural gas. For a long time, he was the most affordable and convenient fuel, but due to rising prices of natural gas is not always the most affordable energy source.

Now consumers and, consequently, the rates can be divided into three categories: housing stock – private houses and apartment buildings, Utility sector – businesses and organizations of any form of ownership and utility company power system – suppliers of heat to the population.

For housing stock (in case of existence of gas meters) rates are as follows:

Volume of gas consumption

hrn/ m3

no more than 2500 m3/year

0,72

no more than 6000 m3/year

1,09

not more than 12 000 m3/year

2,25

more than 12 000 m3/year

2,68

for utility sector:

Budgetary organizations and industrial users

4,52

For enterprises of communal heat power engineering:

enterprises of communal heat power engineering

1,3

Thus, for a population spurt in gas tariffs differ by more than 3.5 times, depending on consumption. This is to stimulate energy saving, in addition most of the apartments and houses in Ukraine consuming up to 6 000 м3 a year.

Therefore, the construction or purchase of house / apartment should consider, and how much will it cost to heat house.

ElectricityIn addition to the gas is another type of energy source, which has widespread - it's electricity.Tariffs are divided into the same housing stock and combos, there are many categories of consumers, we select the most basic.

For the population:

Volume of electricity consumption

hrn/kW*h

to 150 kW*h per month

0,28

more than 150 kW*h per month

0,36

to 150 kW*h per month (countryside)

0,26

more than 150 kW*h per month (countryside)

0,34

up to 250 kWh per month (electric)

0,21

More than 250 kWh per month (electric)

0,28

For utility sector (except for municipal electric and religious organizations):

to 27,5 kW

1,04

over 27,5 kW

0,79

Payment for excess allocated power - a double size.

But there is multi-tariff rate, three-band and dual-zone. Rates are valid only for businesses and do not apply housing stock.

night time 23:00 – 6:00

0,35

semipeak

1,02

peak 8:00 – 10:00, 17:00 – 21:00

1,68

 

night time 23:00 – 7:00

0,4

day time 7:00 – 23:00

1,5

These rates can store energy at night when the network of its excess, the lower rate during the day and received a warm heated.

Solid fuelThe next type of fuel - a solid fuel. These include: coal, peat, wood, wood pellets, peat pellets, sunflower husk pellets, straw, reeds and other solid fuels are many, often there is a pronounced regional specificity, ie, in Donetsk Region more coal is used, and in Transcarpathia - firewood. The cost also is very different - the closer to the point of use, the cheaper. Shareware - chop firewood in the nearby forest is cheaper than bringing a car of coal. Therefore, in further calculations, averaged cost of solid fuel was taken.

Besides coal and peat are not renewable sources of energy sources, and wood, straw, etc. - to renewable.

A characteristic feature of solid fuels is a large variation in the calorific value depending on moisture content, composition and other characteristics so that solid fuel boilers - a relative thing.

Calorific value of fuel kW*h/kg

Above is a table on the basis of which it is clear that the rush for heating should be very much, and anthracite - very little, respectively, rush costs a little, and coal much. Besides the tree (wood) is highly variable calorific value depending on the degree of humidity.

Now, in order that we can properly compare the energy necessary to cause all kinds to one system of measurement, as difficult to compare kW*h and m3.

After conversion, we had two graphs to the public and utility sector, they reflect the cost (in hryvnas) a kW *h of thermal energy. We took into account the efficiency boiler, because the efficiency of various boilers is different. In electric boilers - 99.5%, and a solid 80% from natural gas - 90 - 92%.

The conversion value in kW of heat energy for the population

So if you looking a heat generator, for the small house / apartment, the natural gas is definitely your choice. Especially when it exists on the site.

If the house is large and the gas station there and stretch it worth the money, we can consider options for coal or wood pellets.
The conversion value in kW of thermal energy for utility sector

 

 

In the following review, we examine types of solid fuel boilers more detailed and their advantages and disadvantages.